Andrey Melnichenko established himself as a formidable presence in cross-country skiing, making his debut as a regular participant in the FIS Cross-Country World Cup during the 2015-2016 season. He achieved a significant milestone by competing at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, where he placed 14th in the 15 km individual event, in addition to competing in the 30 km skiathlon (29th place) and sprint (59th place). Early individual success included a 3rd place finish in the 30 km Individual Freestyle at the World Cup in Beitostølen, Norway, in 2018. Melnichenko consistently showcased his talent at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships, achieving 28th in 50 km freestyle in Lahti, Finland (2017), and two 13th place finishes in the 30 km skiathlon and 50 km freestyle at the 2019 Championships in Seefeld, Austria.
At the 2021 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oberstdorf, Germany, he placed 12th in the 15 km freestyle event. His elite performance was further highlighted by a 5th place in the 10 km Freestyle Mass Start at the Stage World Cup in Val di Fiemme, Italy, and a 3rd place in the 4×7.5 km Relay at the World Cup in Lahti, Finland, both in 2021.